Is euclid university accredited. " Well, good luck with the process, then.

Is euclid university accredited EUCLID is an IDB Partner. King Abdullah of Jordan at the Royal Palace of Amman (below) Below: Fr Matija Maticic presenting his doctoral dissertation via video conference at EUCLID's EU liaison office in Montpellier, France. What about university consortia and joint-degrees? In this context, university consortia and joint-degrees become more difficult to regulate and accept because of conflicting sources of degree-authority and accreditation Euclid consortium set up in 2006-2007, with accreditation from Ministry of Higher Education of Chad and joint-degree authority not satisfactory for long term After EULER’s vision is to connect eager-to-learn students with dedicated faculty members/professors who are committed to engaging interactions. " Well, good luck with the process, then. EUCLID Secretary-General Delivers Lecture at Indian Government Body, Meets Oversight Council Chair in France. EUCLID (Euclid University / Pôle Universitaire Euclide) is not similar to the University of Bangui in terms of legal status, because it is an intergovernmental body subject to international law. Mar 8, 2022 · EUCLID is pleased to announce the completion of its post-HQ licensing and accreditation processes with the Gambia National Accreditation Authority (which was established after EUCLID’s 2013 installation in the Gambia). EUCLID’s online MBA in Sustainable Development has been ranked in the world's top 25 since 2016 a good reason: it is offered by an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate and specialized expertise in sustainable development. EUCLID, an intergovernmental treaty-based organization with a university mandate, offers to select students from the general public an online master in public health with an optional focus on Global South issues. EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide |Euclid University): A treaty-based organization with international liaison and representative offices in New York / Washington DC, Montpellier (France), Berlin (Germany) International Headquarters: Bangui, C. C. Our mission is to provide accessible, high-quality, and globally relevant higher education programs tailored to the needs of government officials, civil servants Dec 19, 2024 · Institute Name Logo and Link International Organization for Sustainable Development Established 2008 | EUCLID-affiliated institute EULER (The Euler-Franeker Memorial University Institute) Established 2008 (as EUROSTATE University Institute) | EUCLID-affiliated institute CHRISTE (Christian Institute for Theological Engagement) Established 2019 | EUCLID affiliated institute EUCLID Global Apr 10, 2016 · Regarding Euclid and the Comoros, the consortium did sign an agreement with Université des Comores (yes, there is a university in the Comoros) in 2009 I think, but other than that, all Comoros/Euclid documents I've seen were signed by the former permanent representative of the Comoros to the United Nations. The EUCLID SG is a proud member of the IAUP Find the latest world rank for Euclid University and key information for prospective students. Credit value: 3 (US standard) | 6 (ECTS standard) IOSD/EUCLID signs landmark Memorandum of Understanding with ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States). ” Accreditation information about EUCLID/E, an intergovernmental university. Feb 7, 2025 · FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE. org Apr 10, 2016 · Is Euclid University considered an accredited/recognized university? University's accreditation status appears complicated. This doctoral program was primarily designed to serve civil servants of EUCLID’s Participating States, but it is also open to the general public as an excellent route to pursue a career within inter-governmental bodies, NGOs and the public sector. As a treaty-based institution, it is – alongside dozens of UN Member States, a Party to the IACA (International Anti-Corruption Academy) […] EUCLID is an intergovernmental, treaty-based university; its constitutive treaty, as registered and published in the United Nations Treaty Series (certificates 49006/49007). Doubane) 2014 Documents: Letter from EUCLID to Accredibase dated 22 May 2014 . In partnership with EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide | Euclid University), an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate, EULER offers to select students from the general public an external (distance or online) degree program called the EUCLID LLM in International Law(Master of Laws). (G): That the multi-national agreement has indeed in the effect of establishing an international (intergovernmental) organization has been established OECD governments and international organizations play a vital role in today’s global and complex international development scene. EUCLID is duly listed in the UNESCO IAU WHED database which is used by the World Health Organization to validate university credentials, per; “WHO only considers higher educational qualifications obtained from an Mar 8, 2022 · EUCLID was ranked #1 for its flagship MBA program and among the world’s Top 50 institutions on the GPA ranking scale. Whole thing is here: Pole Universitaire Euclide May 7, 2024 · In Brief EULER (short form, long form: The Euler-Franeker Memorial University Institute) is an independent academic institute formally established within EUCLID (Euclid University), an intergovernmental treaty-based organization with a university charter. EUCLID’s Doctorate in Islamic Finance and Economics represents 90 US credits (120 ECTS) of coursework beyond the Bachelor’s. Our mission is to provide accessible, high-quality, and globally relevant higher education programs tailored to the needs of government officials, civil servants, and professionals across Apr 10, 2016 · EUCLID provides extensive institutional and academic documentation to students who may need to accomplish this process. EUCLID is an IDB Partner In cooperation with EUCLID (an intergovernmental treaty-based organization with university mandate), EUCLID offers to select students from the general public an external (distance or online) degree program called the EULER Online Bachelor in International Relations and Global Affairs (BSc). EUCLID is geaccrediteerd door het ministerie van Hoger Onderwijs van de NOTRE DÉCLARATION DE MISSION : EUCLID (Euclid University) s’engage à respecter et à exécuter le mandat confié par ses États membres avec les plus hauts standards de professionnalisme, d’intégrité et d’efficacité. Euclid claims recognition by some international bodies, it has not been widely recognized by traditional accreditation agencies that are well-known in countries like the United States or within the European Union. Based in Accra, Ghana, the AAU is internationally connected and facilitates inter-university cooperation and recognition. Multilateral universities have been created in diverse manners either by sovereign States directly or by international organizations. Reply time to email is under 3 business days and students get to experience not only video recordings but also face-to-face interactions with their instructors, including in the final oral exam (conducted over Zoom). EUCLID (Euclid University) is proud to announce that Djibouti has officially become a Participating State in the university’s international consortium of member states. EUCLID est dûment répertorié dans la base de données UNESCO IAU WHED qui est utilisée par l'Organisation mondiale de la santé pour valider les diplômes universitaires, par; "L'OMS ne EUCLID’s online PhD in Sustainable Development and Diplomacy is also based on EUCLID’s MBA/SD which has been ranked in the world's top 25 since 2016 for a good reason: it is offered by an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate and specialized expertise in sustainable development. Remarkably Feb 20, 2015 · 5. OUR MISSION STATEMENT: EUCLID (Euclid University) is dedicated to upholding and executing the mandate entrusted by its Member States with the highest standards of professionalism, integrity, and efficiency. edu-qa period 1. EUCLID is accredited by the National Accreditation and Quality Assurance Authority (NAQAA). The EUCLID SG is a proud member of the IAUP Feb 7, 2025 · EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide | Euclid University) Une organisation fondée sur des traités avec des bureaux de liaison et de représentation internationaux dans: New York, Washington DC, Montpellier (France) Siège: Bangui, République centrafricaine Siège du Commonwealth / CEDEAO: Banjul, Gambie EUCLID’s online PhD in mediation and conflict resolution is unique in that offered by an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate and specialized expertise in diplomacy. Introduction EULER University is committed to providing an inclusive, equitable, and respectful environment for all individuals associated with the institution, including leadership, students, staff, EUCLID est organisé en unités académiques ou « Écoles » : L'École de diplomatie et des affaires internationales L'École de santé mondiale et de bioéthique H. EUCLID est une université intergouvernementale fondée sur un traité; son traité constitutif, tel qu'enregistré et publié dans le Recueil des Traités des Nations Unies (certificats 49006/49007). The approval (renewable) is valid until 02/2026. We will review US, UK and other international standards. . Euclid University is ranked number 7420 in its open operations. [53] EUCLID, (or as applicable the EUCLID Secretary-General), is a member of institutional associations requiring government recognition/accreditation, notably AAU and IAUP. Biostatistics and Epidemiology are often studied and approached from a national-centric perspective. A. S. May 22, 2014 · An Expert Report on the Legal Status and Accreditation of International Universities in general and EUCLID (Euclid University) in particular (by Ambassador, currently Minister of Foreign Affairs, Charles A. Maybe if anyone's been successful with it - they'll post here and let us know which NACES-member agency evaluated their Euclid degree. The EUCLID SG is a proud member of the IAUP EUCLID’s online MBA in International Organizations is the only Master’s level degree program offered by an institution that is itself an intergovernmental treaty-based institution (EUCLID). EUCLID has been certified to UNESCO/IAU in the current update cycle. The Secretary-General of EUCLID University was recently invited to deliver an esteemed lecture at the Research and Information System for Developing Countries (RIS), a prominent Indian government institution focused on fostering international development and In cooperation with EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide | Euclid University), an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate, EULER offers to intergovernmental and national civil servants (as well as select students from the general public) a specialized external degree program called the EULER Online Master in International Relations and Global Development. This new participation and partnership further enhance EUCLID’s commitment to providing world-class, global higher education Nov 19, 2023 · The EUCLID family wishes to join the Minister and the staff of the Ministry of Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology (MoHERST – Gambia), with the National Accreditation and Quality Assurance Authority (NAQAA) and the entire Education Sector on the sad news of the sudden and untimely demise of our colleague and indeed brother, Dr. Nov 22, 2024 · OVERVIEW The International Law and Legal Practice Program is conducted jointly by EUCLID, also called Pôle Universitaire Euclide or Euclid University, as an international intergovernmental organization under United Nations Treaty Series 49006/49007, and the British Legal Centre. aau. Mar 8, 2022 · The legal status of EUCLID (Euclid University) is that of a specialized intergovernmental organization established in 2008, holding a university mandate and charter published in the United Nations Treaty Series (certificates 49006/49007). 1. EUCLID is a full member of the proper regional association of recognized/accredited universities (with reference to the Headquarters State), which is the Association of African Universities (AAU). More about EUCLID and EC/BP compliance Accreditation information about EUCLID/E, an intergovernmental university. This is illustrated by its members in global academic networks such as GRLI and two regional organizations, AAU and AUAP. EUCLID Information Network on Higher Education Accreditation Council for Distance Education (ACTDE) Euclid University): Please visit the following pages in this section to learn more about EUCLID (Euclid University): Overview and Legal Status Memberships and Partnerships Accreditation and Recognition Officials and Administration Participating States History / Timelines EUCLID Communications Feb 7, 2025 · General Principle: It is important to note that EUCLID functions under an intergovernmental mandate to deliver programs of higher education that conform to international standards and that are fully documented (Statutes IX). Our mission is to provide accessible, high-quality, and globally relevant higher education programs tailored to the needs of government officials, civil servants, and professionals across EUCLID, an intergovernmental treaty-based institution with a university mandate, offers to select students from the general public an online PhD in international public health with a focus on Global South issues. It is remarkable that EUCLID’s online MBA in Islamic Finance program was developed as a Joint Initiative between EUCLID (an intergovernmental treaty-based institution) and ICCI (now ICCIA, the Islamic Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture), in 2008. EUCLID is accredited by the Ministry of Higher Education of the Headquarters State. In this context, higher education is clearly the key to the skills and competitive advantage that are needed to succeed and achieve one’s […] Global Overview EUCLID is by nature and legal status a truly global organization. Serving 12 Participating States across 4 continents (Americas, Asia, Africa including Indian Ocean, Oceania-Pacific) as well as students in more than 20 […] EUCLID is remarkable and in many ways unique for its extensive network of institutional relationship. Moreover, EUCLID is an academic partner of other intergovernmental organizations lacking degree-granting authority such as LLPI and CAFRAD. EUCLID is a proud member of the UNAI. The School of Theology and Interfaith Studies at EUCLID (Euclid University) offers a primary external (distance or online) degree program specifically called: PhD in Theology in Roman Catholic Studies for Interfaith Scholars (DRCT), which is a full Doctor of Philosophy degree. From a US perspective, EUCLID is a non-CHEA accredited foreign institution. EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide | Euclid University) Une organisation fondée sur des traités avec des bureaux de liaison et de représentation internationaux dans: New York, Washington DC, Montpellier (France) EUCLID, an intergovernmental treaty-based institution with a university mandate, offers to select students from the general public an online PhD in global health and health systems with a focus on Global South issues. ; Banjul, The Gambia . Notre mission est de fournir des programmes d’enseignement supérieur accessibles, de haute qualité et pertinents à l’échelle mondiale, adaptés aux besoins des EUCLID, an intergovernmental treaty-based organization with university mandate, offers to select students from the general public its flagship external (distance or online) degree program called the EUCLID Online PhD in Global Governance (DGG being the program code for this full PhD / Doctorate of Philosophy). Reply from Accredibase to EUCLID dated 23 May 2014 EUCLID, also called Pôle Universitaire Euclide or Euclid University, is an international intergovernmental organization with a university charter established in 2008. Intellectuellement aiguisés par des débats rigoureux mais respectueux ainsi que par une collaboration interdisciplinaire, ils forment un réseau international qui s'engage à transformer des vies humaines, un étudiant à Mar 8, 2022 · EUCLID is pleased to announce the completion of its post-HQ licensing and accreditation processes with the Gambia National Accreditation Authority (which was established after EUCLID’s The School of Theology and Interfaith Studies at EUCLID (Euclid University) offers a primary external (distance or online) degree program specifically called: Master of Arts in Comparative Christian Theology (MCCT). Learn more at www. EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide | Euclid University) is certified as a recognized/accredited institution of higher learning by according to the rules governing intergovernmental universities: (1) by its headquarter's state ministry of higher education, (2) by other Participating States according to their own rules. Important note: EUCLID (Euclid University - Pôle Universitaire Euclide) should not be confused with the Euclid (University) Consortium (Pôle d'Extension Universitaire Euclide). Direct link to EUCLID's United Nations Treaty Section registration. Het primaire en historische hoofdkantoor is sinds 2011 gevestigd in Bangui (Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek) als hoofdstaat. This presents both tremendous challenges as well as opportunities to individuals globally, regardless of their current location and nationality. EUCLID University is a recognised degree-granting institution listed by UNESCO under ID IAU-024734 and accredited by the Ministry of Higher Education of the Central African Republic and by the relevant ministries of Euclid participating states (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sierra Leone, Eritrea, Senegal, Comoros, Burundi, Timor-Leste and Apr 1, 2024 · EUCLID (Euclid University) is dedicated to upholding and executing the mandate entrusted by its Member States with the highest standards of professionalism, integrity, and efficiency. R. Email: [email protected] EULER's online PhD in Islamic Finance and Economics represents 90 US credits (120 ECTS) of coursework beyond the Bachelor’s. Since 2013, EUCLID also has headquarters in the Republic of The Gambia (ECOWAS and Commonwealth Member State). Apr 1, 2024 · OUR MISSION STATEMENT: EUCLID (Euclid University) is dedicated to upholding and executing the mandate entrusted by its Member States with the highest standards of professionalism, integrity, and efficiency. Note: EULER programs are distinguished from EUCLID programs but also closely related as (1) they have slightly different areas of specialization (based on the list of degrees in the initial charter (2) they rely on very similar methods and platforms (3) the final degree is conferred by EUCLID but with the EULER logo added and dual degree option (two degrees, one from EUCLID (Euclid University Apr 1, 2024 · OUR MISSION STATEMENT: EUCLID (Euclid University) is dedicated to upholding and executing the mandate entrusted by its Member States with the highest standards of professionalism, integrity, and efficiency. Our mission is to provide accessible, high-quality, and globally relevant higher education programs tailored to the needs of government officials, civil servants, and professionals across EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide | Euclid University) Une organisation fondée sur des traités avec des bureaux de liaison et de représentation internationaux dans: New York, Washington DC, Montpellier (France) EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide | Euclid University), an international intergovernmental organization with university charter, in the context of its inter-religious dialogue mandate, offers to select students from the general public two high-level external (distance or online) degree program in Orthodox Christian theology: Notre corps professoral a une portée véritablement mondiale et s'appuie sur des penseurs courageux qui adhèrent pleinement à la mission intergouvernementale d'EUCLID. For more information on EUCLID, its legal status and accreditation, please visit: EUCLID Accreditation The ETA for EULER to also confer degrees in […] EUCLID is een intergouvernementele, op verdragen gebaseerde universiteit; zijn oprichtingsverdrag, zoals geregistreerd en gepubliceerd in de United Nations Treaty Series (certificaten 49006/49007). The EUCLID SG is a proud member of the IAUP. EUCLID, an intergovernmental treaty-based institution with a university mandate, offers to select students from the general public an online PhD in global health and health systems with a focus on Global South issues. Tristram Engelhardt L'École de théologie et d'études interreligieuses L'École d'économie mondiale et de développement L'École d'éducation, de langue, et interprétation Veuillez lire les pages suivantes de cette section For more information on EUCLID, its legal status and accreditation, please visit: EUCLID Accreditation The ETA for EULER to also confer degrees in […] How does EUCLID relate to EULER (and vice-versa)? EUCLID is an intergovernmental organization with a university mandate/charter established in 2008. The Consortium is a group of universities This course discusses the important issue of accreditation and quality assurance in online, open and higher education. Legally, EULER was established in 2008 under the initial name of “EUROSTATE University Institute” (EUCLID Statutes Section XI) with a May 2, 2024 · Please visit the following pages in this section to learn more about Admission at EUCLID (Euclid University): Groups and Procedures Admission Information for the General Public Admission Information for the Government Officials Scholarship Programs ECOWAS Region Applicants Tuition and Costs Register Now Feb 7, 2025 · FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE EUCLID Secretary-General Delivers Lecture at Indian Government Body, Meets Oversight Council Chair in France The Secretary-General of EUCLID University was recently invited EUCLID welcomes Republic of Djibouti as Participating State Feb 7, 2025 · EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide |Euclid University) A treaty-based organization with international liaison and representative offices in: New York, Washington DC, Montpellier (France) IMPRESSUM: EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide |Euclid University): A treaty-based organization with international liaison and representative offices in New York / Washington DC, Geneva, Brussels, Berlin EUCLID faculty members at work: EUCLID is the only university to have won the UN World Interfaith Harmony Prize in 2016, delivered by H. Feb 7, 2025 · Higher education has become globalized just as the world has become fully globalized. EUCLID is a proud member of the Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS) EUCLID is a proud member of the AAU. EUCLID students who desire to use their EUCLID degree in the United States will first have their education evaluated by a 'foreign credentials evalutors' such as WES or NACES member private agencies. Accreditation information about EUCLID/E, an intergovernmental university. Le site officiel mobile et réactif de EUCLID (Euclid University), un établissement d'enseignement supérieur intergouvernemental fondé sur des traités. The EUCLID SG is a proud member of the IAUP EUCLID’s online MBA in Energy Studies is a close relative of the EUCLID MBA in Sustainable Development which was ranked #1 in 2016 for good reasons: it is offered by an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate and specialized expertise in sustainable development. This new participation and partnership further enhance EUCLID’s commitment to providing world-class, global higher education through participation of and collaboration with Please visit the following pages in this section to learn more about EUCLID (Euclid University): Overview and Legal Status Memberships and Partnerships Accreditation and Recognition Officials and Administration Participating States History / Timelines EUCLID is a specialized intergovernmental organization established in 2008, holding a university mandate and charter published in the United Nations Treaty Series (certificates 49006/49007). Department of Education or Council on Higher Education Accreditation, but maintains an address in Washington, DC "exclusively used for appointments and meetings either with or by government-sponsored and government affiliated staff". […] EUCLID 是一所基于条约的政府间大学； 其组成条约，在联合国条约汇编中登记和出版（证书 49006/49007）。 自 2011 年以来，其主要和历史悠久的总部一直位于班吉（中非共和国），作为总部所在国。EUCLID 已获得总部所在国高等教育部的认可。 EUCLID 的全球西非经共体总部 […] AUDIENCE | INTEREST GROUPS. In practice, students may enter the DIFE with a relevant Master’s degree, complete 30 to 35 US credits of core doctoral courses, followed by the actual writing of the dissertation in 5 phases. Information about ICCI/OIC Scholarships. EUCLID is not a US-based university and it not accredited by an organization recognized by the U. EUCLID, an intergovernmental treaty-based organization with university mandate, offers to select students from the general public its flagship external (distance or online) degree program called the EUCLID Online Doctorate in Diplomacy and International Affairs (DDIA, which is a full PhD / Doctorate of Philosophy). an intergovernmental university under united nations ts 49006/7 — euclid lms site (course content delivery) — EUCLID’s online master in mediation and conflict resolution is unique in that offered by an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate and specialized expertise in diplomacy. This report discusses the legal nature of these institutions, evolving modes of accreditation, and the case of EUCLID University in particular. This category focus on how Euclid University conduct its academic process and affairs in an open way in The Republic of Gambia to the world. Rector Rodoumta KOINA of the University of N’Djamena (Chad), under signature, approval and accreditation of Minister of Higher Education, signs participation agreement in “Pole d’extension universitaire Euclide. EUCLID's primary mission is to train current and future government staff, especially for its Participating Parties. L'agrément (renouvelable) est valable jusqu'au 02/2026. This unique PhD program focuses on both theoretical as well as practical and policy aspects of ethics and bioethics. EUCLID is also ranked by Webometrics (although EUCLID’s multi-site approach is not well suited for this approach). These governments and organizations fund complex development programs that call for rigorous and professional monitoring and oversight. May 7, 2024 · As of 2023, EULER programs result in the issuance of a degree conferred by EUCLID (Euclid University / Pôle Universitaire Euclide), a fully recognized and accredited intergovernmental university (under United Nations Treaty Series). Offered in cooperation with EUCLID, EULER’s online PhD in mediation and conflict resolution is unique in that offered by an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate and specialized expertise in diplomacy. Few programs are truly international in scope so as to fully prepare graduates for global civil service or corporate careers that will engage a wide variety of global health challenges, including vaccine policy HIV, drug-resistance, diet-related or lifestyle diseases, etc. It has official headquarters in The Gambia and in the Central African Republic, but also maintains an executive office in Washington, D. EUCLID’s other flagship programs dealing with public and global health are: an intergovernmental university under united nations ts 49006/7 — euclid lms site (course content delivery) — us accreditation. Dec 19, 2024 · Press Release | December 19, 2024 Djibouti Joins EUCLID University as a Participating State EUCLID (Euclid University) is proud to announce that Djibouti has officially become a Participating State in the university’s international consortium of member states. Dec 19, 2023 · FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE EUCLID Secretary-General Delivers Lecture at Indian Government Body, Meets Oversight Council Chair in France The Secretary-General of EUCLID University was recently invited EUCLID welcomes Republic of Djibouti as Participating State Mar 8, 2022 · EUCLID a le plaisir d'annoncer l'achèvement de ses processus de licence et d'accréditation post-siège avec l'Autorité nationale d'accréditation de la Gambie (qui a été créée après l'installation d'EUCLID en Gambie en 2013). EUCLID, an international intergovernmental organization with university mandate, offers to select students from the general public its flagship program which is an online master in diplomacy and international affairs (MDIA). Note: EULER programs are distinguished from EUCLID programs but also closely related as (1) they have slightly different areas of specialization (based on the list of degrees in the initial charter (2) they rely on very similar methods and platforms (3) the final degree is conferred by EUCLID but with the EULER logo added and dual degree option (two degrees, one from EUCLID (Euclid University Euclid University is ranked number 10321 in the world for its impact it produces. The Program aims to build a new generation of international law practitioners ready to serve the international As of 2023, EULER programs result in the issuance of a degree conferred by EUCLID (Euclid University / Pôle Universitaire Euclide), a fully recognized and accredited intergovernmental university (under United Nations Treaty Series). M. In addition, EUCLID is mindful of its roots to facilitate transition and conversion between the older francophone system and the newer LMD / […] EUCLID (Pôle Universitaire Euclide | Euclid University), an international intergovernmental organization with a university mandate, offers to select students from the general public an external (distance or online) degree program called the EUCLID LLM in International Law and Treaty Law (it is a full Master of Laws). As an intergovernmental university with Participants States spanning 3 continents, it is a member of both AAU and AUAP. EUCLID, the official short name for Euclid University (also legally known as Pôle Universitaire Euclide in French), is a specialized intergovernmental university established by multilateral treaty in 2008. dccyo itnmqqk nhxpc fpxu mklh klvx atw najyv ytkddry gpygl apt ypug auf finlu wrtdf